Congenital abnormalities of the lower urinary tract: infravesical anomalies
Abstract
Abnormalities of the lower urinary tract may range from frequent and very minor with no significant consequences to the rare but severe requiring major intervention and lifelong monitoring. While discussion of all infravesical congenital abnormalities of the lower urinary tract is beyond the scope of this article, the main abnormalities encountered in clinical practice are listed and discussed.
Keywords: Bladder outlet obstruction, hypospadias, megaprepuce, posterior urethral valves, syringocoele
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PII: S0263-9319(10)00074-8
doi:10.1016/j.mpsur.2010.03.006
© 2010 Published by Elsevier Inc.

